The Osage Indian tribe, of the Siouan linguistic stock, and Plains culture, occupied vast expanses of land between the Arkansas and Missouri Rivers. They first came in contact with Europeans in the early 1700s, and eventually allied themselves with the French against enemy tribes. The Osage, being rich in land, subsequently sold most of it to the American Government, from this land came oil, from the oil came payment of dues to the Osage, which ultimately wound up being the richest Native community in the U.S.
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